IbnElJazira at 15:50, 4 May 2015

2015-05-04T15:50:29Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name =Amuda
|settlement_type =Town
|official_name =
|other_name = Amûdê
|native_name = عامودا 
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|pushpin_map = Syria 
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Syria
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|coordinates_region = SY
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Syria}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Syria|Governorate]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Al Hasakah Governorate]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Syria|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Al Qamishli District]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[Nahiyah]]
|subdivision_name3 = Amuda
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|population_as_of =2004 census
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|population_total =26,821
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|timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
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|latd=37|latm=06|lats=15 |latNS=N
|longd=40|longm=55|longs=48|longEW=E
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|elevation_m = 470
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'''Amuda''' or '''Amouda''' ({{lang-ar|عامودا}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|'Āmūdā}}'', {{lang-ku|Amûdê}}) is a town in [[Al Hasakah Governorate]] in northeastern [[Syria]]. According to the [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Syria Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS), Amuda had a population of 26,821 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("subdistrict") consisting of 103 localities with a combined population of 56,101 in 2004.<ref>[http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB08-10-2004.htm General Census of Population and Housing 2004]. [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)|Syria Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS). Al-Hasakah Governorate. {{ar icon}}</ref> Amuda has a mostly Kurdish population with also a significant [[Assyrian people|Assyrian]] presence.<ref>http://aranews.org/en/home/kurdish-region/812-syria-kurds-celebrate-universal-children-day.html</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.commondreams.org/views04/0723-03.htm|title=The Sarajevo of Iraq: Worsening Kurdish-Arab Friction Threatens the Region|author=Dilip Hiro|date=23 July 2004|publisher=commondreams.org|accessdate=14 December 2010}}</ref>
As of 20 July 2012, the area came under the control of the [[Popular Protection Units]] (commonly known as YPG), according to Syrian intelligence.<ref>http://ikjnews.com/?p=4582</ref> According to Fawzi Shangal, the leader of the Kurdish Accord Party in Syria, the city fell without any major clashes as the forces of the Syrian government withdrew from the area.<ref>http://www.rudaw.net/english/kurds/4978.html</ref>

==History==
The demographics of this area saw a huge shift in the early part of the 20th century. Kurds cooperated with [[Ottoman empire|Ottoman]] authorities in the massacres against [[Armenian Genocide|Armenian]] and [[Assyrian Genocide|Assyrian]] Christians in [[Upper Mesopotamia]] and were in return granted their land as a reward.<ref>Hovannisian, Richard G., 2007. [The Armenian Genocide: Cultural and Ethical Legacies http://books.google.ca/books?id=K3monyE4CVQC&pg=PA271&dq=assyrian+genocide+by+kurds+in+syria&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BS1kVLqiGcOsyATv34DoCA&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Amuda&f=false]. Accessed on 11 November 2014.</ref>

Assyrians began to emigrate from the town after the Amuda massacre of 9 August 1937. This massacre, carried out by the Kurd Saeed Agha, emptied the town of its Assyrian population. In 1941, the Assyrian community of [[al-Malikiyah]] was subjected to a vicious assault. Even though the assault failed, Assyrians were terrorized and left in large numbers, and the immigration of Kurds from Turkey to the area have resulted in a Kurdish majority in Amuda, al-Malikiyah, and [[al-Darbasiyah]].

As of 2004, Amuda is the fourth largest town in Al-Hasakah governorate.

===Important Events===
* (1936) [[The Bombardment of Amuda]] (Tusha Amudi). On 13 August 1937, in a revenge attack, about 500 Kurds from the Dakkuri, Milan, and Kikie tribes attacked the then predominantly Christian Amuda. The town was destroyed and the Christian population, about 300 families, fled to the towns of Qamishli and Hassake.<ref>Jordi Tejel, "Syria's Kurds: History, Politics and Society", footnote 57.</ref><ref>John Joseph, "Muslim-Christian Relations and Inter-Christian Rivalries in the Middle East", p107.</ref>
* (1960) [[Amouda cinema]] fire. On 13 November 1960 more than 200 children died in a fire at a movie theatre.<ref>[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2XseAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-ckEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4945,2570306&dq=amude&hl=en "Children Die in Movie House Fire"], ''Daytona Beach Morning Journal'', 15 November 1960, p4</ref>
* (2004) Uprising of 12 March
* (2013) [[The Bloody Thursday in Amuda]].

==Demographics==
In 2004 the population was 26,821. The inhabitants of the town are predominantly [[Kurds in Syria|Kurds]] in addition to a significant number of [[Assyrians in Syria|Syriacs/Assyrians]].

==The Cultural Influence of Amuda==
Amuda is considered the center of Kurdish culture in Syria. Most of nationalist ideas came from its people and it has a large number of educated people and teachers in the area. {{citation needed|date=November 2014}}

==Historical Landmarks==
* Park of Amuda cinema
* Sharmola hill
* cemetery of Amuda
* The Grand Mosque
* Alarasa Market
* Fatura Souq

==Notable people==
* [[Said Yitzhak]], politician.
* [[Abdulbaset Sieda]], politician.
* [[Abdulhakim Bashar]], politician.
* Koma Barkhwadan, Musical Band.
* Koma Lat, Musical Band.
Poets and writers:
* [[Haitham Hussein]]
* [[Hasan Draei]]
* [[Salim Barakat]]
* Jamil Dari
* Halim Yousif
* Ahmed Alhusseyni

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Al-Hasakah Governorate|qamishli}}

{{coord|37|06|15|N|40|55|48|E|region:SY_type:city_source:dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Populated places in al-Qamishli District]]
[[Category:Towns in Syria]]
[[Category:Kurdish settlements]]
[[Category:Assyrian settlements]]
[[Category:Al-Hasakah Governorate]]

{{AlHasakahSY-geo-stub}}

Amuda - Revision history

IbnElJazira at 15:50, 4 May 2015