Chaldean Catholic Church - Revision history

Chaldean at 03:17, 19 July 2015

2015-07-19T03:17:04Z

Ian: Marked this version for translation

2015-05-17T13:41:45Z

Marked this version for translation

Ian at 13:41, 17 May 2015

2015-05-17T13:41:05Z

SunRise4ever at 02:49, 11 May 2015

2015-05-11T02:49:15Z

SunRise4ever at 02:35, 11 May 2015

2015-05-11T02:35:04Z

SunRise4ever at 02:28, 11 May 2015

2015-05-11T02:28:29Z

Ian: changed patriarchy emblem

2015-05-10T18:22:10Z

changed patriarchy emblem

Chaldean at 13:23, 10 May 2015

2015-05-10T13:23:16Z

Chaldean at 13:18, 10 May 2015

2015-05-10T13:18:13Z

Chaldean at 13:15, 10 May 2015

2015-05-10T13:15:54Z

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 There has been a large immigration to the [[United States]] particularly to [[southeast Michigan]].<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|diocese|ddech|Eparchy of Saint Thomas the Apostle of Detroit (Chaldean)|21 January 2015}}</ref> Although the largest population resides in southeast Michigan, there are populations in parts of [[California]] and [[Arizona]] as well. [[Canada]] in recent years has shown growing communities in both eastern provinces, such as [[Ontario]], and in western Canada, such as [[Saskatchewan]].
-In 2008, Mar Bawai Soro of the [[Church of the East]] and 1,000 Chaldean families were received into full communion with the Chaldean Catholic Church from the Chaldean Church of the East.<ref name="Assyrian Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church">{{cite web
+In 2008, Mar Bawai Soro of the [[Church of the East]] and 1,000 Chaldean families were received into full communion with the Chaldean Catholic Church from the Chaldean Church of the East.<ref name="Chaldean Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church">{{cite web
   |url= http://www.kaldaya.net/2008/DailyNews/06/June06_08_E1_MARBAWAI.html
-  |title=Assyrian Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church
+  |title=Chaldean Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church
   |work=kaldaya.net
   |accessdate=11 September 2012
@@ Line 151: / Line 151: @@
 *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14413a.htm East Syrian Rite] ([[Catholic Encyclopedia]])
 *[http://stthomascc.org/daughters-of-mary-immaculate/ Daughters of the Immaculate Conception, a congregation located in Michigan]
-*[http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/chrstuni/documents/rc_pc_chrstuni_doc_20011025_chiesa-caldea-assira_en.html Guidelines for Chaldean Catholics receiving the Eucharist in Assyrian Churches]
+*[http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/chrstuni/documents/rc_pc_chrstuni_doc_20011025_chiesa-caldea-assira_en.html Guidelines for Chaldean Catholics receiving the Eucharist in Chaldean Churches]
 *[http://christiansofiraq.com/reply.html History of the Chaldean Church]
 *[http://nasrani.net/2008/10/31/qambel-maran-syriac-chants-from-south-india// Qambel Maran- Syriac chants from South India- a review and liturgical music tradition of Syriac Christians revisited]
-*[http://pauluschurch.com/ St Pauls Chaldean Assyrian church]
+*[http://pauluschurch.com/ St Pauls Chaldean church]
 *[http://www.chaldean.org/Home/tabid/36/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/308/Iraqs-Persecution-of-Christians-Continues-to-Spiral-out-of-Control.aspx]
 *[http://www.chaldeanfederation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47&Itemid=53]

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-<translate><languages/></translate>
+<translate><!--T:1-->
 {{About|Chaldean church in Mesopotamia Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran|Church of the East in India|Chaldean Syrian Church}}
 {{Infobox Orthodox Church|

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-{{Page-banner}}
+<translate><languages/></translate>
 {{About|Chaldean church in Mesopotamia Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran|Church of the East in India|Chaldean Syrian Church}}
 {{Infobox Orthodox Church|

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 ==Chaldean Church History==
-The history of the Chaldean Church is the history of the [[Church of the East]] founded between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD in Mesopotamia [[Chaldea]] (Persian ruled [[Mesopotamia]]) — represented today by at least eleven different churches, (then ruled by the successive Parthian and Sassanid Empires, where it was known by derivative names for Chaldea) — between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The region of Chaldea was also the birthplace of the [[Syriac language]] and [[Syriac script]], both of which remain important within all strands of [[Syriac Christianity]].
+The history of the Chaldean Church is the history of the [[Church of the East]] founded between the 1st and 2nd  centuries AD in Mesopotamia [[Chaldea]] (Chaldeans ruled [[Mesopotamia]]) — represented today by at least eleven different churches, (then ruled by the successive Parthian and Sassanid Empires, where it was known by derivative names for Chaldea) — between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The region of Chaldea was also the birthplace of the [[Syriac language]] and [[Syriac script]], both of which remain important within all strands of [[Syriac Christianity]].
 It was originally a part of [[The Church of the East]] before the 1553 consecration of [[Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa]] who entered communion with the [[Roman Catholic Church]], when it was renamed the ''Church of Mosul''. Subsequent to this, it was again renamed by Rome in 1683 as the Chaldean Catholic Church in recognition of the native Chaldean people of Mesopotamia Iraq where Father Ibrahim was raised and lived at UR of Chaldeans.
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 Dissent over the hereditary succession grew until 1552, when a group of Chaldean bishops, from the northern regions of [[Amid]] and [[Salmas]], elected a priest, Mar [[Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa|Yohannan Sulaqa]], as a rival patriarch. To look for a bishop of [[metropolitan bishop|metropolitan]] rank to consecrate him patriarch, Sulaqa traveled to the [[pope]] in Rome and entered into communion with the [[Catholic Church]], after first being refused by the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]]. In 1553 he was consecrated bishop and elevated to the rank of patriarch taking the name of Mar Shimun VIII. He was granted the title of "Patriarch of the Chaldeans", and his church was named ''The Church of Mosul''.
-Mar Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa returned to northern [[Mesopotamia]] in the same year and fixed his seat in [[Amid]]. Before being put to death by the radical Nestorians of the [[Church of the East]] patriarch of [[Alqosh]],<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|57}} he ordained five metropolitan bishops thus beginning a new ecclesiastical hierarchy: the patriarchal line known as the ''Shimun line''. The area of influence of this patriarchate soon moved from Amid east, fixing the See, after many places, in the isolated Chaldean village of [[Qochanis]].
+Mar Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa returned to northern [[Mesopotamia]] in the same year and fixed his seat in [[Amid]]. Before being put to death by the radical Nestorians of the [[Church of the East]] patriarch of [[Alqosh]],<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|57}} he ordained five metropolitan Chaldean bishops thus beginning a new ecclesiastical hierarchy: the patriarchal line known as the ''Shimun line''. The area of influence of this patriarchate soon moved from Amid east, fixing the See, after many places, in the Chaldean village of [[Qochanis]].
 The connections with Rome loosened up under Sulaqa's successors: The last patriarch to be formally recognized by the Pope died in 1600, the hereditary of the office was reintroduced and, in 1692, the [[Full communion|communion]] with Rome was formally broken, with this part of the church once more rejoining the [[Church of the East]].
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 ===1672: The ''Josephite line'' of Amid===
-A new so-called 'Chaldean' Patriarchate occurred in 1672 when [[Joseph I (Chaldean Patriarch)|Mar Joseph I]], Archbishop of Amid, entered in [[Full communion|communion]] with Rome, separating from the Chaldean Church Patriarchal see of Alqosh. In 1681 the [[Holy See]] granted him the title of "Patriarch of the Chaldeans deprived of its patriarch."
+In 1672, 'Chaldean' Patriarchate Chaldean [[Joseph I (Chaldean Patriarch)|Mar Joseph I]], Archbishop of Amid, entered in [[Full communion|communion]] with Rome. In 1681 the [[Holy See]] granted him the title of "Patriarch of the Chaldeans deprived of its patriarch."
-It is believed that the term 'Chaldean Catholic' arose due to a Catholic [[Latin language|Latin]] in recognition of the native Chaldean people of Mesopotamia and of the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] ''Ur Kasdim'' (according to long held Jewish tradition, the birthplace of Abraham in northern Mesopotamia) as meaning ''Ur of the Chaldees''.<ref>''Biblical Archaeology Review'', May/June 2001: Where Was Abraham's Ur? by Allan R. Millard</ref>
+The 'Chaldean Catholic' arose due to a Catholic [[Latin language|Latin]] in recognition of the native Chaldean people of Mesopotamia and of the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] ''Ur Kasdim'' (according to long held Jewish tradition, the birthplace of Abraham in northern Mesopotamia) as meaning ''Ur of the Chaldees''.<ref>''Biblical Archaeology Review'', May/June 2001: Where Was Abraham's Ur? by Allan R. Millard</ref>
-The 'Chaldean Catholic' is historically, usually and properly taken purely as a [[doctrinal]] and [[theological]] term for Chaldean converts to Catholicism.<ref>Travis, Hannibal. ''Genocide in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire, Iraq, and Sudan''. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2010, 2007, pp. 237-77, 293–294</ref><ref name="conference.osu.eu">http://conference.osu.eu/globalization/publ/08-bohac.pdf</ref><ref name="conference.osu.eu" /> The modern Chaldean Catholics are [[Chaldean people| Chaldeans]]<ref>Nisan, M. 2002. ''[http://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/14225.html Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle for Self Expression]''. Jefferson: McFarland & Company.</ref> and originated from ancient Chaldean communities living in and indigenous to the north of Iraq/Upper Mesopotamia which was known as Chaldea from the 25th century BC until the 7th century AD.
+The 'Chaldean Catholic' is historically, usually and properly taken purely as a [[doctrinal]] and [[theological]] term for Chaldean People believers of Catholicism.<ref>Travis, Hannibal. ''Genocide in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire, Iraq, and Sudan''. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2010, 2007, pp. 237-77, 293–294</ref><ref name="conference.osu.eu">http://conference.osu.eu/globalization/publ/08-bohac.pdf</ref><ref name="conference.osu.eu" /> The modern Chaldean Catholics are [[Chaldean people| Chaldeans]]<ref>Nisan, M. 2002. ''[http://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/14225.html Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle for Self Expression]''. Jefferson: McFarland & Company.</ref> and originated from ancient Chaldean communities living in and indigenous to the north of Iraq/Upper Mesopotamia which was known as Chaldea from the 25th century BC until the 7th century AD.
 All Joseph I's successors took the name of Joseph. The life of this patriarchate was difficult: at the beginning due to the vexations from the traditionalists, under which they were subject from a legal point of view, and later it struggled with financial difficulties due to the tax burden imposed by the [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] authorities.
 [[File:Two Chaldean bishops ordination (Bishop Baselio Yaldo and Bishop Shaleta).jpg|thumb|Chaldean Bishops Ordination in Michigan 2015 (Bishop Yaldo and Bishop Shalita)]]
 [[File:Diyarbakir P1050612 20080427130622.JPG|thumb|Chaldean Monastery, Dyar Bakir, Turkey, Established 3rd Century AD]]
-Nevertheless its influence expanded from the original towns of [[Amid]] and [[Mardin]] towards the area of [[Mosul]] and the [[Nineveh plains]]. The ''Josephite line'' merged in 1830 with the [[Alqosh]] patriarchate that in the meantime entered in [[full communion]] with Rome.
+Nevertheless its influence expanded from the original towns of [[Amid]] and [[Mardin]] towards the area of [[Mosul]] and the [[Nineveh plains]]. The ''Josephite line'' unified in 1830 with the Chaldean [[Alqosh]] patriarchate that in the meantime entered in [[full communion]] with Rome.
 ===The Alqosh Patriarchate in communion with Rome===
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 ===19th century: expansion and disaster===
 [[File:King Faisal I with Chaldean bishops (1852 1947).jpg|thumbnail|[[Faisal I of Iraq]] with all the Chaldean bishops and the Patriarch [[Yousef VI Emmanuel II Thomas]], 1921 ]]
-The following years of the Chaldean Church were marked by externally originating violence: in 1838 the monastery of [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery|Rabban Hormizd]] and the town of Alqosh was attacked by the [[Kurds]] of [[Soran Emirate|Soran]] and hundreds of Christian Chaldeans died.<ref name="Wilm">David Wilmshurst, ''The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913'', Peeters Publishers, 2000 ISBN 90-429-0876-9</ref>{{rp|32}} In 1843 the Kurds started to collect as much money as they could from Chaldean villages, killing those who refused: more than 10,000 Chaldean Christians of all denominations were killed and the icons of the Rabban Hormizd monastery defaced.<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|298}}{{Eastern Catholicism}}In 1846 the Chaldean Church was recognized by the [[Ottoman Empire]] as a '[[millet (Ottoman Empire)|millet]]', a distinctive 'religious community' in the Empire, thus obtaining its civic emancipation.<ref name="angold">Michael Angold ''Eastern Christianity'', Cambridge University Press, 2006 ISBN 0-521-81113-9 pag 528</ref> The most famous patriarch of the Chaldean Church in the 19th century was [[Joseph Audo|Joseph VI Audo]] who is remembered also for his clashes with [[Pope Pius IX]] mainly about his attempts to extend the Chaldean jurisdiction over the Indian [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]. This was a period of expansion for the Chaldean Catholic Church.[[File:Church-In Basra-Iraq كنيسة في البصرة العراق.JPG|thumbnail|A [[Chaldean Catholic]] Church in [[Basra]] 2014]]In the early 20th century massacres and continuation of the [[Chaldean Genocide]] died from cold in the winter or hunger. The disaster struck mainly the regions of the Chaldean Church of the East and the Chaldean dioceses in north Chaldea (Amid, [[Siirt]] and [[Gazarta]]) were ruined (the Chaldeans metropolitans [[Addai Scher]] of [[Siirt]] and [[Philip Abraham]] of [[Gazarta]] were killed in 1915).<ref name="Wilm"/>{{rp|37}}
+The following years of the Chaldean Church were marked by externally originating violence: in 1838 the monastery of [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery|Rabban Hormizd]] and the town of Alqosh was attacked by the [[Kurds]] of [[Soran Emirate|Soran]] and hundreds of Christian Chaldeans died.<ref name="Wilm">David Wilmshurst, ''The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913'', Peeters Publishers, 2000 ISBN 90-429-0876-9</ref>{{rp|32}} In 1843 the Kurds started to collect as much money as they could from Chaldean villages, killing those who refused: more than 10,000 Chaldean Christians of all denominations were killed and the icons of the Rabban Hormizd monastery defaced.<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|298}}{{Eastern Catholicism}}In 1846 the Chaldean Church was recognized by the [[Ottoman Empire]] as a '[[millet (Ottoman Empire)|millet]]', a distinctive 'religious community' in the Empire, thus obtaining its civic emancipation.<ref name="angold">Michael Angold ''Eastern Christianity'', Cambridge University Press, 2006 ISBN 0-521-81113-9 pag 528</ref> The most famous patriarch of the Chaldean Church in the 19th century was [[Joseph Audo|Joseph VI Audo]] who is remembered also for his clashes with [[Pope Pius IX]] mainly about his attempts to extend the Chaldean jurisdiction over the Indian [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]. This was a period of expansion for the Chaldean Catholic Church.[[File:Church-In Basra-Iraq كنيسة في البصرة العراق.JPG|thumbnail|A [[Chaldean Catholic]] Church in [[Basra]] 2014]]In the early 20th century massacres and continuation of the [[Chaldean Genocide]] died from cold in the winter or hunger. The disaster struck mainly the regions of the Chaldean Church of the East and the Chaldean dioceses in north Chaldea (Amid, [[Siirt]] and [[Gazarta]]) were ruined (the Chaldeans metropolitans [[Addai Scher]] of [[Siirt]] and [[Philip Abraham]] of [[Gazarta]] were killed in 1915).<ref name="Wilm" />{{rp|37}}
 A further massacre occurred in 1933 at the hands of the [[Iraqi Army]], in the form of the [[Simele massacre]], which resulted in thousands of deaths.
@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 There has been a large immigration to the [[United States]] particularly to [[southeast Michigan]].<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|diocese|ddech|Eparchy of Saint Thomas the Apostle of Detroit (Chaldean)|21 January 2015}}</ref> Although the largest population resides in southeast Michigan, there are populations in parts of [[California]] and [[Arizona]] as well. [[Canada]] in recent years has shown growing communities in both eastern provinces, such as [[Ontario]], and in western Canada, such as [[Saskatchewan]].
-In 2008, Mar Bawai Soro of the [[Church of the East]] and 1,000 Chaldean families were received into full communion with the Chaldean Catholic Church from the Chaldean Church of the East.<ref name="Assyrian Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church" >{{cite web
+In 2008, Mar Bawai Soro of the [[Church of the East]] and 1,000 Chaldean families were received into full communion with the Chaldean Catholic Church from the Chaldean Church of the East.<ref name="Assyrian Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church">{{cite web
   |url= http://www.kaldaya.net/2008/DailyNews/06/June06_08_E1_MARBAWAI.html
   |title=Assyrian Bishop Mar Bawai Soto explains his journey into communion with the Catholic Church

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 |website = http://www.saint-adday.com/
 }}
 The '''Chaldean Catholic Church''' ({{lang-syc|ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ}}, ''ʿītha kaldetha qāthuliqetha''), is an [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Eastern]] [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac]] [[Particular church#Autonomous particular Churches or Rites|particular church]] of the [[Catholic Church]], under the [[Apostolic see|Holy See]] of the [[Catholicos]]-[[Patriarch of Babylon]], maintaining [[full communion]] with the [[Bishop of Rome]] and the rest of the Catholic Church. The Chaldean Catholic Church presently comprises an estimated 2,500,000 people who are ethnic [[Chaldean people|Chaldeans]]
@@ Line 37: / Line 36: @@
 The connections with Rome loosened up under Sulaqa's successors: The last patriarch to be formally recognized by the Pope died in 1600, the hereditary of the office was reintroduced and, in 1692, the [[Full communion|communion]] with Rome was formally broken, with this part of the church once more rejoining the [[Church of the East]].
 {{See also|Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa}}
@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 All Joseph I's successors took the name of Joseph. The life of this patriarchate was difficult: at the beginning due to the vexations from the traditionalists, under which they were subject from a legal point of view, and later it struggled with financial difficulties due to the tax burden imposed by the [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] authorities.
 [[File:Two Chaldean bishops ordination (Bishop Baselio Yaldo and Bishop Shaleta).jpg|thumb|Chaldean Bishops Ordination in Michigan 2015 (Bishop Yaldo and Bishop Shalita)]]
 [[File:Diyarbakir P1050612 20080427130622.JPG|thumb|Chaldean Monastery, Dyar Bakir, Turkey, Established 3rd Century AD]]
@@ Line 60: / Line 59: @@
 ===19th century: expansion and disaster===
 [[File:King Faisal I with Chaldean bishops (1852 1947).jpg|thumbnail|[[Faisal I of Iraq]] with all the Chaldean bishops and the Patriarch [[Yousef VI Emmanuel II Thomas]], 1921 ]]
-The following years of the Chaldean Church were marked by externally originating violence: in 1838 the monastery of [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery|Rabban Hormizd]] and the town of Alqosh was attacked by the [[Kurds]] of [[Soran Emirate|Soran]] and hundreds of Christian Chaldeans died.<ref name="Wilm">David Wilmshurst, ''The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913'', Peeters Publishers, 2000 ISBN 90-429-0876-9</ref>{{rp|32}} In 1843 the Kurds started to collect as much money as they could from Chaldean villages, killing those who refused: more than 10,000 Chaldean Christians of all denominations were killed and the icons of the Rabban Hormizd monastery defaced.<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|298}}
+The following years of the Chaldean Church were marked by externally originating violence: in 1838 the monastery of [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery|Rabban Hormizd]] and the town of Alqosh was attacked by the [[Kurds]] of [[Soran Emirate|Soran]] and hundreds of Christian Chaldeans died.<ref name="Wilm">David Wilmshurst, ''The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913'', Peeters Publishers, 2000 ISBN 90-429-0876-9</ref>{{rp|32}} In 1843 the Kurds started to collect as much money as they could from Chaldean villages, killing those who refused: more than 10,000 Chaldean Christians of all denominations were killed and the icons of the Rabban Hormizd monastery defaced.<ref name="Frazee" />{{rp|298}}{{Eastern Catholicism}}In 1846 the Chaldean Church was recognized by the [[Ottoman Empire]] as a '[[millet (Ottoman Empire)|millet]]', a distinctive 'religious community' in the Empire, thus obtaining its civic emancipation.<ref name="angold">Michael Angold ''Eastern Christianity'', Cambridge University Press, 2006 ISBN 0-521-81113-9 pag 528</ref> The most famous patriarch of the Chaldean Church in the 19th century was [[Joseph Audo|Joseph VI Audo]] who is remembered also for his clashes with [[Pope Pius IX]] mainly about his attempts to extend the Chaldean jurisdiction over the Indian [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]. This was a period of expansion for the Chaldean Catholic Church.[[File:Church-In Basra-Iraq كنيسة في البصرة العراق.JPG|thumbnail|A [[Chaldean Catholic]] Church in [[Basra]] 2014]]In the early 20th century massacres and continuation of the [[Chaldean Genocide]] died from cold in the winter or hunger. The disaster struck mainly the regions of the Chaldean Church of the East and the Chaldean dioceses in north Chaldea (Amid, [[Siirt]] and [[Gazarta]]) were ruined (the Chaldeans metropolitans [[Addai Scher]] of [[Siirt]] and [[Philip Abraham]] of [[Gazarta]] were killed in 1915).<ref name="Wilm"/>{{rp|37}}
-−
 In 1846 the Chaldean Church was recognized by the [[Ottoman Empire]] as a '[[millet (Ottoman Empire)|millet]]', a distinctive 'religious community' in the Empire, thus obtaining its civic emancipation.<ref name="angold">Michael Angold ''Eastern Christianity'', Cambridge University Press, 2006 ISBN 0-521-81113-9 pag 528</ref> The most famous patriarch of the Chaldean Church in the 19th century was [[Joseph Audo|Joseph VI Audo]] who is remembered also for his clashes with [[Pope Pius IX]] mainly about his attempts to extend the Chaldean jurisdiction over the Indian [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]. This was a period of expansion for the Chaldean Catholic Church.[[File:Church-In Basra-Iraq كنيسة في البصرة العراق.JPG|thumbnail|A [[Chaldean Catholic]] Church in [[Basra]] 2014]]In the early 20th century massacres and continuation of the [[Chaldean Genocide]] died from cold in the winter or hunger. The disaster struck mainly the regions of the Chaldean Church of the East and the Chaldean dioceses in north Chaldea (Amid, [[Siirt]] and [[Gazarta]]) were ruined (the Chaldeans metropolitans [[Addai Scher]] of [[Siirt]] and [[Philip Abraham]] of [[Gazarta]] were killed in 1915).<ref name="Wilm"/>{{rp|37}}
 A further massacre occurred in 1933 at the hands of the [[Iraqi Army]], in the form of the [[Simele massacre]], which resulted in thousands of deaths.

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Infobox Orthodox Church|
 |show_name = Chaldean Catholic Church<br>ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ<br>''Ecclesia Chaldaeorum Catholica''
-|image = [[File:flaglogo.jpg|200px]]
+|image = [[File:Patriarchum Babylonensis Chaldenorum.jpg|200px]]
-|image = [[File:Patriairch emblem1.gif|200px]]
 |caption = Emblem of the [[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Chaldean Patriarchate]]
 |founder = Traces ultimate origins to [[Thomas the Apostle]], [[Addai]] and [[Saint Mari|Mari]]; emerged from the [[Church of the East]] in the 3rd Century

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 |territory = [[Iraq]], [[Iran]], [[Turkey]], [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Jordan]], [[Israel]], [[Egypt]], [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[Austria]], [[Belgium]], [[France]], [[Greece]], [[Netherlands]], [[Denmark]], [[Germany]], [[Georgia (country)]], [[Sweden]], [[United Kingdom]]
-|language = [[Syriac language|Syriac]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=59&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=1 |title=The Chaldean Catholic Church |publisher=CNEWA |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}}</ref> [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
+|language = [[Chaldean language|Chaldean]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=59&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=1 |title=The Chaldean Catholic Church |publisher=CNEWA |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}}</ref> [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
 |population = 2,500,000<ref name="CNEWA website">{{cite web
 |url=http://www.cnewa.org/source-images/Roberson-eastcath-statistics/eastcatholic-stat10.pdf

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |image = [[File:Patriairch emblem1.gif|200px]]
 |caption = Emblem of the [[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Chaldean Patriarchate]]
-|founder = Traces ultimate origins to [[Thomas the Apostle]], [[Addai]] and [[Saint Mari|Mari]]; emerged from the [[Church of the East]] in 1830
+|founder = Traces ultimate origins to [[Thomas the Apostle]], [[Addai]] and [[Saint Mari|Mari]]; emerged from the [[Church of the East]] in the 3rd Century
 |independence = [[Apostolic Age|Apostolic Era]]
 |recognition = [[Catholic Church]], [[Eastern Catholic Churches]]
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 [[File:Church-In Basra-Iraq كنيسة في البصرة العراق.JPG|thumbnail|A [[Chaldean Catholic]] Church in [[Basra]] 2014]]
 The '''Chaldean Catholic Church''' ({{lang-syc|ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ}}, ''ʿītha kaldetha qāthuliqetha''), is an [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Eastern]] [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac]] [[Particular church#Autonomous particular Churches or Rites|particular church]] of the [[Catholic Church]], under the [[Apostolic see|Holy See]] of the [[Catholicos]]-[[Patriarch of Babylon]], maintaining [[full communion]] with the [[Bishop of Rome]] and the rest of the Catholic Church. The Chaldean Catholic Church presently comprises an estimated 500,000 people who are ethnic [[Chaldean people|Chaldeans]]
 ==Chaldean Church History==