Joseph I (Chaldean Patriarch) - Revision history

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{{Infobox Patriarch
|image=
| honorific-prefix = Mar
|name=Yousip I
|birth_name=Yousip
|church=[[Chaldean Catholic Church]]
|see=[[Patriarchial See of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Amid of the Chaldeans]]
|patriarch_of=[[Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Patriarch of the Chaldeans]]
|residence=[[Amid]], [[Turkey]]
|enthroned= 23 June 1681
|ended= 2 February 1696
|predecessor=
|successor=[[Joseph II (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph II Sliba Maruf]]
|birth_date=
|birth_place=
|death_date= 10 November 1707
|death_place=[[Rome]]
}}
Mar Yousip I ('''Joseph I''', † 1707) was the first incumbent of the ''Josephite'' line of [[Church of the East]], thus being considered the Patriarch of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] from 1681 to 1696.

==Background situation==
By 1660, the Church of the East had become divided into two patriarchates:
* the largest and oldest [[episcopal see|patriarchal See]] was based at the [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery]] of [[Alqosh]]. It spread from [[Aqrah]] up to [[Amid]] and [[Nusaybin|Nisibis]], covering in the South the rich plain of [[Mosul]] (it is known also as ''Eliya'' line). Since the 15th century its Patriarchs were appointed through an hereditary system.
* the second patriarchal See was located in Khosrowa, near [[Salmas]] (from 1672 in [[Qochanis]]) and extended into the North East mountains (it is also known as the ''Shimun'' line). This patriarchal line began in 1553 when Mar [[Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa|Yohannan Sulaqa]] was consecrated bishop by the [[Pope]] in 1553, but soon it lost the connections with Rome. The last patriarch of this line recognized by the [[Holy See]] was Shimun IX Dinkha (died 1600) and later there were only few correspondences through missionaries. This See reintroduced in 1600 the heredity system for patriarchs' succession, a use unacceptable for Rome. This patriarchal line still survives in the denomination today known as [[Assyrian Church of the East]].

==Life==

Although the town of [[Amid]] in 1553 has been the See of Yohanan Shimun VIII Sulaqa, the area of influence of the ''Shimun'' patriarchs moved soon towards East, and by 1660 the area of Amid was under the Alqosh's patriarchate. In 1667 the [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchin]] [[Catholic missions|missionary]] Jean-Baptiste de St-Aignan established there,<ref name="Wilmshurst">{{cite book |last=David |first=Wilmshurst |title=The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913 |publisher=Peeters Publishers |year=2000 |isbn=978-90-429-0876-5}}</ref>{{rp|29}} teaching to omit the liturgical commemoration of [[Nestorius]] and to use the title [[Mother of God]] for [[Saint Mary]].<ref name="Frazee"/>{{rp|144}}

Yousip (Joseph) was born in Amid and educated by the priest 'Abd Al-Ahad.<ref name="Wilmshurst"/>{{rp|58}} He was consecrated metropolitan bishop of Amid between 1669 and 1672, and shortly after in 1672 became catholic.<ref name="Wilmshurst"/>{{rp|51}} The reaction of Alqosh's patriarch [[Eliya X (XI) Yukhannan Maraugin]] was very strong: he came personally to Amid, installed a traditionalist bishop named David and had Joseph to be twice imprisoned. Joseph was released only after a payment of a ransom<ref name="Frazee">{{cite book|last=Frazee|first=Charles A.|title=Catholics and Sultans: The Church and the Ottoman Empire 1453-1923|year=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-02700-7}}</ref>{{rp|144}} and had to leave to Rome. When Joseph returned in 1677, the bishop David fled in Egypt and the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] authorities recognized Joseph's independence and his government over the [[diocese]]s of Amid and [[Mardin]].

On June 23, 1681<ref name="Giga">{{cite web|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/baby0.htm|title=Patriarchal See of Babylon|publisher=www.gcatholic.org|accessdate=2009-02-01}}</ref> arrived the formal recognition from Rome with the delivery of the [[pallium]] and the granting of the title ''"Patriarch of the Chaldean nation deprived of its patriarch"''. Thus into the Church of the East began a new patriarchal line in [[Full Communion]] with Rome.

Felt ill, in August 1694 Joseph I left Amid for Rome, and formally abdicated in 1696. He died in Rome on Nov. 10, 1707.<ref name="Murre">{{cite web|url=http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol2No2/HV2N2Murre.html|title=The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries|publisher=Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies|accessdate=2009-01-24|author=Heleen H.L. Murre}}</ref>

The life of Mar Yousip I is mainly known by his biography written in the early 18th century by 'Adb Al-Ahad son of Garabet (bishop of Amid, died 1728) and later translated in [[French language|French]] in 1898 by J.P. Chabot.<ref>{{cite journal |last=J.P. |first=Chabot |title=Les origines du patriarcat Chaldeén: vie de Mar Youssef Ier, premier patriarche des chaldeéns|journal=Revue de l'Orient Chrétien|issue=1|pages=66–90|year=1896}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shimun XIII Dinkha]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon]]|years=1681–1696}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Joseph II (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph II Sliba Maruf]]}}
{{end}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata 
| NAME = Joseph, I
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Chaldean Patriarch
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 10 November 1707
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Rome]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Joseph, I}}
[[Category:Assyrian people]]
[[Category:Iraqi Assyrian people]]
[[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
[[Category:Converts to Catholicism from the Assyrian Church of the East]]
[[Category:1707 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 By 1660, the Church of the East had become divided into two patriarchates:
 * the largest and oldest [[episcopal see|patriarchal See]] was based at the [[Rabban Hormizd Monastery]] of [[Alqosh]]. It spread from [[Aqrah]] up to [[Amid]] and [[Nusaybin|Nisibis]], covering in the South the rich plain of [[Mosul]] (it is known also as ''Eliya'' line). Since the 15th century its Patriarchs were appointed through an hereditary system.
-* the second patriarchal See was located in Khosrowa, near [[Salmas]] (from 1672 in [[Qochanis]]) and extended into the North East mountains (it is also known as the ''Shimun'' line). This patriarchal line began in 1553 when Mar [[Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa|Yohannan Sulaqa]] was consecrated bishop by the [[Pope]] in 1553, but soon it lost the connections with Rome. The last patriarch of this line recognized by the [[Holy See]] was Shimun IX Dinkha (died 1600) and later there were only few correspondences through missionaries. This See reintroduced in 1600 the heredity system for patriarchs' succession, a use unacceptable for Rome. This patriarchal line still survives in the denomination today known as [[Assyrian Church of the East]].
+* the second patriarchal See was located in Khosrowa, near [[Salmas]] (from 1672 in [[Qochanis]]) and extended into the North East mountains (it is also known as the ''Shimun'' line). This patriarchal line began in 1553 when Mar [[Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa|Yohannan Sulaqa]] was consecrated bishop by the [[Pope]] in 1553, but soon it lost the connections with Rome. The last patriarch of this line recognized by the [[Holy See]] was Shimun IX Dinkha (died 1600) and later there were only few correspondences through missionaries. This See reintroduced in 1600 the heredity system for patriarchs' succession, a use unacceptable for Rome. This patriarchal line still survives in the denomination today known as [[Church of the East]].
 ==Life==
@@ Line 56: / Line 56: @@
 }}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Joseph, I}}
-[[Category:Assyrian people]]
+[[Category:Chaldean people]]
-[[Category:Iraqi Assyrian people]]
+[[Category:Iraqi Chaldean people]]
 [[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
-[[Category:Converts to Catholicism from the Assyrian Church of the East]]
+[[Category:Converts to Catholicism from the Church of the East]]
 [[Category:1707 deaths]]
 [[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

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