Test123: 1 revision imported

2018-03-18T16:32:42Z

1 revision imported

LouisAlain: link to new article

2016-09-23T10:05:11Z

link to new article

New page

{{Infobox monarch
| name = Nabû-šuma-libūr
| title = [[List of kings of Babylon|King of Babylon]]
| image= Sale of Land to Pay a Ransom ca 1033 BC.jpg
| caption = Contract of a sale of land imposed by the need to pay a ransom, dated to his 1st year.
| reign = ca. 1033 – 1026 BC
| coronation =
| predecessor = [[Marduk-zer-X]]
| successor = [[Simbar-shipak|Simbar-Šipak]] (Dynasty V)
| spouse =
| royal house = 2nd Dynasty of [[Isin]]
| father =
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| buried =}}

'''Nabû-šumu-libūr''', inscribed dAG.MU''-li-bur''<ref group=i>Tablet BM 33332 Kinglist A, iii 4'.</ref> or d''na-bi-um-''MU''-li-bur'',<ref group=i name=land>Tablet BM 139424, purchased in 1982 and on display in room 55 of the [[British Museum]].</ref> meaning "O [[Nabu|Nabû]], may (my) progeny / the son stay in good health,"<ref>CAD vol. 17, šumu 4b p. 295.</ref> (1033 – 1026 BC) was the 11th and last king of the 2nd Dynasty of Isin, the 4th Dynasty of [[Babylon]]. He ruled during a period of instability due to incursions of [[Arameans|Aramean]] nomadic tribesmen in Northwest Babylonia.

==Biography==

There is very little extant material for his reign. The legal text pictured<ref group=i name=land/> is from his first year. It was found at Kār-Bēlet-Ilāni near [[Nippur]], and details the reimbursement of Nusku-zêra-iddina, the ''[[šandabakku]]'', or governor of Nippur, with land, after he ransomed a man named Mudammiqu from the "enemy."<ref group=nb>The “enemy” is recorded as LÚ.[[KÚR (warfare Sumerogram)|KÚR]].[[meš (cuneiform)|MEŠ]], and is unspecific.</ref> The price was paid in kind, with the text listing various items provided by the purchaser with their cash equivalent, for a total of 420 shekels.<ref>{{ cite journal | title = Chroniques bibliographiques: 2. La commémoration d'actes juridiques : à propos des kudurrus babyloniens | author = [[Dominique Charpin]] | journal = Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale | year = 2002 | issue = 2 | volume = 96 | page = 186 }}</ref> It was first published in 1983<ref>{{ cite journal | title = Vente de terres a un « Šandabakku » sous la IIe dynastie d'Isin | author = Sylvie Lackenbacher | journal = Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale | volume = 77 | issue = 2 | year = 1983 | jstor = 23282184 | pages = 143-154 }}</ref> and the text provides the earliest recorded price for iron,<ref group=nb>AN.BAR, iron.</ref> where an iron dagger of unspecified weight was valued at 2 shekels of silver.<ref>{{ cite journal | title = 14. Second Millennium B.C. Prices of Iron and Copper | author = Judith K. Bjorkman | journal = Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires (NABU) | year = 1989 | issue = 1 (mars) | page = 12 }}</ref> It was witnessed by eleven individuals representing the role-call for the elite in Nippur and the god [[Ninurta]] is invoked as patron deity of boundaries.<ref>{{ cite journal | title = Remarks on the Shandabakku Land-Purchase Text from the Time of Nabu-shumu-libur | author = J. A. Brinkman, C. B. F. Walker | journal = Revue d’Assyriologie | issue = 79 | year = 1985 | jstor = 23282346 | pages = 72–74 }}</ref>

A stone [[Assyrian lion weights|duck weight]]<ref group=i>Alabaster duck-weight with two panels of cuneiform inscription; top of bird's head lost; abraded, BM 91432.</ref> inscribed Nabû-šuma-libūr, optimistically titled ''šar kiššati'' (“king of the world”),<ref group=nb>Transliterated: 30 ''ma-'' <''na''> ''gi-na'' [ ] ''sa'' dAG.MU''-li-bur'' LUGAL DIN.[ ], translated: “30 mina, correct, of Nabû-šuma-libūr, king of the world.”</ref> found its way to the Northwest palace of Nimrud, where it was preserved as an antique<ref name=pkb>{{ cite book | title = A political History of Post-Kassite Babylonia, 1158–722 B.C. | author = J. A. Brinkman | publisher = Pontificium Institutum Biblicum | year = 1968 | pages = 147–148 }}</ref> and rediscovered by [[Austen Henry Layard|Layard]] in the mid 19th century, and perhaps indicates continued trade.<ref>{{ cite book | title = Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie: Nab - Nuzi | author = J. A. Brinkman | editor = Dietz Otto Edzard | publisher = Walter De Gruyter | volume = 9 | year = 2001 | page = 34 }}</ref> It was marked 30 minas (about 15 kilograms).

Ominous portents dated for his reign, are included in a damaged [[Religious Chronicle]] of the Seleucid era.<ref group=i>The ''Religious Chronicle'', tablet BM 35968 (ABC 17) column 1.</ref> It records, “a lion was lying lurking and they killed it,” a prophecy fulfilled by the fall of the dynasty.<ref>{{ cite book | title = Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia | author = Stephen Bertman | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2005 | page = 97 }}</ref> The events at the end of his reign are not known, but northern [[Babylonia]] had been overrun by [[Arameans|Aramean]] tribesmen from the west, and the dynasty was followed by the 2nd Dynasty of Sealand when a substantial part of southern Mesopotamia seceded.<ref name=pkb/>

==Inscriptions==

<references group="i"/>

==Notes==

<references group="nb"/>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Babylonian kings}}

[[Category:Babylonian kings]]
[[Category:11th-century BC deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

← Older revision	Revision as of 16:32, 18 March 2018
(No difference)

Nabu-shum-libur - Revision history

Test123: 1 revision imported

LouisAlain: link to new article