== Genetics ==
{{Further|Genetic history of the Near East}}
Late 20th century DNA analysis conducted by [[Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza|Cavalli-Sforza]], Paolo Menozzi and Alberto Piazza, "shows that Assyrians Chaldeans have a distinct genetic profile that distinguishes their population from any other population."<ref name="assyrianfoundation.org">[http://www.assyrianfoundation.org/genetics.htm Dr. Joel J. Elias, Emeritus, University of California, The Genetics of Modern Assyrians and their Relationship to Other People of the Middle East]</ref> Genetic analysis of the Chaldeans of Persia demonstrated that they were "closed" with little "intermixture" with the Muslim Persian population and that an individual Chaldean's genetic makeup is relatively close to that of the Chaldean population as a whole.<ref>M.T. Akbari, Sunder S. Papiha, D.F. Roberts, and Daryoush D. Farhud, "Genetic Differentiation among Iranian Christian Communities," ''American Journal of Human Genetics'' 38 (1986): 84–98</ref><ref>[[Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza]], Paolo Menozzi, Alberto Piazza, [[The History and Geography of Human Genes]], p. 243 [http://books.google.com/books?id=FrwNcwKaUKoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=ISBN0691087504&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA243,M1]</ref> "The genetic data are compatible with historical data that religion played a major role in maintaining the Assyrian population's separate identity during the Christian era".<ref name="assyrianfoundation.org" />
In a 2006 study of the Y chromosome DNA of six regional Armenian populations, including, for comparison, Chaldeans and Syrians, researchers found that, "the Semitic populations (Chaldeans) are very distinct from each other according to both [comparative] axes. This difference supported also by other methods of comparison points out the weak genetic affinity between the two populations with different historical destinies." <ref name="Iran and the Caucasus">[http://www.rau.am/downloads/publ.kafedr/episkoposyan_medbiolog/Yepiskoposian_I&C_06.pdf Yepiskoposian et al., Iran and the Caucasus, Volume 10, Number 2, 2006, pp. 191-208(18), "Genetic Testing of Language Replacement Hypothesis in Southwest Asia"]</ref>