Changes

| name = {{cuneiform|akk|𒀭𒀝𒌉𒍑𒌶}}<br>Nabû-apla-usuruṣur

| image = Cylinder of Nabopolassar from Babylon, Mesopotamia..JPG| caption =[[Cylinder seal]] of Nabopolassar, from Babylon. London, [[British Museum]]| reign = cac. 626 – 605 BC

| predecessor = [[Ashur-uballit IIAshurbanipal]]

| birth_date = cac. 658 BC

| death_date = ca. 605 BC| death_place =

'''Nabopolassar''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|æ|b|ɵoʊ-|p|ə|ˈ|l|æ|s|ər}}; cuneiform: {{Script/Cuneiform|7|𒀭𒀝𒌉𒍑𒌶}} <small>^dAG.IBILA.URU₃</small> ''[[Akkadian language|Akkadian]]: ''NebûNabû-apalapla-usuruṣur''; {{circa}} 658 BC – 605 BC) was a king of [[king of Babylonia]] and a central figure in the fall of the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire following the death of the last powerful Assyrian king, [[Ashurbanipal]].<ref>D. Brendan Nagle, ''The Ancient World: A Social and Cultural History'', 6th ed., Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson, 58.</ref> The death of Assyrian king [[Ashurbanipal had appointed Kandalanu to oversee Babylon during his reign, but his disappearance in ]] around 627 BC led to resulted in political instability. In 626 BC, a native dynasty arose under Nabopolassar, a former Assyrian official. Nabopolassar made Babylon his capital and ruled over Babylonia for a period of about twenty years (626&ndash;605 BC). He is credited with founding the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]], also known as the Akkadian Dynasty. By 616 BC, Nabopolassar had united the entire area under his rule.<refname="Mieroop, Marc 2007">Van De Mieroop, Marc. , 2007. , ''A history History of the ancient near east Ancient Near East ca. 3000-323 BC'', Blackwell Publishing.</ref>

==Military campaigns and life achievements==Nabopolassar revolted against formed an alliance with [[Cyaxares]] of the [[Assyrian EmpireMedes]] (which to confront the Assyrians and their Egyptian allies. By 615 BC he had ruled Babylon for seized Nippur.<ref name=Sack>[https://books.google.com/books?id=nxC1wF3_IEAC&pg=PA7&dq=Nabopolassar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=XhUoVcgE0JzKBLSTgcgF&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAzgU#v=onepage&q=Nabopolassar&f=false Sack, Ronald Herbert. ''Images of Nebuchadnezzar'', Susquehanna University Press, 2004] {{ISBN|9781575910796}}</ref> He then led his forces to assist the previous 200 years) after Medes besieging the death city of the last effective Assyrian king, [[AshurbanipalAssur|Ashur]], and claimed but the throne of Babylon in 626 BCBabylonian army did not reach the battlefield until after the city had fallen.<ref name=tbm/>

During Nabopolassar's reign, there was a boom of Neo-Babylonian building projects that would continue through the reign of his son, ==Nineveh==[[Nebuchadnezzar IIAssyria]]. Temples , weakened by internal strife and [[ziggurat]]s were repaired or rebuilt in almost all the old dynastic citiesineffectual rule, while Babylon itself was enlarged unable to resist the Babylonians and surrounded by a double the [[enceinteMedes]], or line of fortification, consisting of towered and moated fortress walls<ref>[http://www. The first mention of Neduchadnezzar II comes from livius.org/articles/people/medes/]</ref> who united to sack the records of Nabopolassar, saying he was a laborer in the restoration of the temple Assyrian capital of [[MardukNineveh]]in 612 BC.<refname=Jona>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannicalivius.comorg/EBchecked/topic/376897/Mesopotamian-art-andna-architecturend/37867nabopolassar/Paintingnabopolassar.html|title=Nabopolassar -and-decorative-arts#ref420027Livius|website=www.livius.org}}</ref>Following a prolonged siege at the [[Battle of Nineveh (612 BC)|Battle of Nineveh]], Nabopolassar took control of the city. [[Ashur-uballit II]] was a member of the Assyrian royal family and a [[Tartan (Assyrian)|tartan]] (general) in the army. He became king after [[Sinsharishkun|Sin-shar-ishkun]], who may have been his brother, and who probably died during the fall of Ninevah.

Assyria, weakened by internal strife and ineffectual rule following ==Harran==Ashur-uballit II rallied his troops at the death city of Ashurbanipal, was unable to resist Harran in northern Syria. The following year the alliance of Babylonians plundered the region of [[MedesHarran]], who united to sack the Assyrian capital of [[Nineveh]] in 612 BC<ref name=tbm>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum. Following a prolonged siege at the [[Battle of Nineveh (612 BC)org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/cuneiform_fall_of_nineveh.aspx|Battle title="The fall of Nineveh]], Nabopolassar took control capital of the city. In 609 BC, Nabopolassar captured the Assyrian city of [[Harran]]Empire", where Assyrian forces had retreated after the fall of Nineveh. From The British Museum|publisher=}}</ref> and in 610 BC until his death, Nabopolassar also fought captured the Egyptians, who were allied with Assyriacity.<ref name=Jona/>

A cylinder found in 1921 in BaghdadIn the spring of 609 BC, Iraq attributes itself [[Necho II]] of Egypt led a sizable force to Nabopolassar. He is described therein as extremely pious, and that he "sought out help the templesAssyrians... and At the complete performance head of their rites." He attributes his success to Shazu (one a large army, consisting mainly of mercenaries, Necho took the names associated with Marduk<ref>''coastal [http://www.piney.com/EnumaSpeis6a7.html The Fifty Names of Marduk[Via Maris]''</ref>)] into Syria, supported by his Mediterranean fleet along the shore. Throughout He prepared to cross the inscription, Nabopolassar describes some ridge of hills which shuts in on the south the great Jezreel Valley, but he found his greatest military conquests passage blocked by the Judean army. Their king, [[Josiah]], sided with the Babylonians and submits himself attempted to Marduk block his advance at Megiddo, where a fierce battle was fought and other deitiesJosiah was killed. <ref>http://wwwNecho continued on and joining forces with Ashur-uballit, they crossed the Euphrates and laid siege to Harran.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/naboFailing to capture Harran, they retreated to northern Syria.html</ref>

Once his forces had defeated the Assyrians, Nabopolassar promised his throne to Nebuchadnezzar. In 605 BC, his Nabopolassar's son , crown prince Nebuchadnezzar fought Pharaoh [[Necho II]] of Egypt and the remnants of the Assyrian army at the [[Battle of Carchemish]]. Within months of his [[abdication]] in 605 BC, Nabopolassar died of natural causes at about 53 years of age, and Nedbuchanezzar Nebuchadnezzar II hurried to Babylon to secure the throne.<ref>Van De name="Mieroop, Marc. 2007"/> During Nabopolassar's reign, there was a boom of Neo-Babylonian building projects that would continue through the reign of his son, [[Nebuchadnezzar II]]. Temples and [[ziggurat]]s were repaired or rebuilt in almost all the old dynastic cities, while Babylon itself was enlarged and surrounded by a double [[enceinte]], or line of fortification, consisting of towered and moated fortress walls. The first mention of Nebuchadnezzar II comes from the records of Nabopolassar, saying he was a laborer in the restoration of the temple of [[Marduk]].<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/376897/Mesopotamian-art-and-architecture/37867/Painting-and-decorative-arts#ref420027 Lloyd, Seton H.F., "Mesopotamian art and architecture", ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', July 17, 2014]</ref> A history cylinder found in 1921 in Baghdad, Iraq is attributed to Nabopolassar. He is described therein as extremely pious, and that he "sought out the temples... and the complete performance of their rites." He attributes his success to Shazu (one of the ancient near eastBlackwell Publishingnames associated with Marduk<ref>''[http://www.piney.com/EnumaSpeis6a7.html The Fifty Names of Marduk]''</ref>). Throughout the inscription, Nabopolassar describes some of his greatest military conquests and submits himself to Marduk and other deities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/nabo.html|title=Nabopolassar Cylinder|website=www.kchanson.com}}</ref>

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[WikipediaCategory:Persondata650s BC births]]. -->| NAME = Nabopolassar| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =| SHORT DESCRIPTION = King of Babylon| DATE OF BIRTH =| PLACE OF BIRTH =| DATE OF DEATH =| PLACE OF DEATH =}}[[Category:605 600s BC deaths]]