Difference between revisions of "Chaldean Timeline"
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Published by: University of Vienna, Department of Oriental Studies | Published by: University of Vienna, Department of Oriental Studies | ||
https://www.jstor.org/stable/23864750 | https://www.jstor.org/stable/23864750 | ||
| + | [[File:Chaldeans in the Nimrud Letters 745 BC.PNG|thumb|Chaldeans in the Nimrud Letters 745 BC]] | ||
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Revision as of 08:48, 16 March 2019
[[Category:Template:Pagetypes with short description]]
This is a timeline of Chaldean history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Chaldea and Babylonia and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see Chaldeans. See also the lChaldean People .[1]
Centuries: 1st · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th · 6th · 7th · 8th · 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st
BC centuries
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 848 | Chaldean Settlements Balawat Gate 848 BC of Chaldean People. This is a royal gate assembled by ancient Assyrian King to reflect on their occupation of Chaldea and the ethnic Chaldean tribes. Reference is The British Museum. |
| 745 | 8th Century BC
Chaldean people and Chaldean cities are documented in 40 letters discovered with ancient Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III during his military Campaigns and occupation of Chaldea and Chaldean cities. By: Profesor Henry W. F. Saggs, PHD Dr. Saggs, a respected archoelogist and helped discover Nimrud city. He joined Max Mallowan's excavation at Nimrud under the aegis of the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. Dr. Saggs was awarded his PhD degree in 1953 for his dissertation titled A study of city administration in Assyria and Babylonia in the period 705 to 539 B.C. He joined SOAS as a lecturer in Akkadian. JOURNAL ARTICLE: Chaldeans in the Nimrud Letters Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes Vol. 86, (1996), pp. 379-390 Published by: University of Vienna, Department of Oriental Studies https://www.jstor.org/stable/23864750 |
| 100 | Romans withdraw south to Trimontium and Hadrian's Wall. |
1st century AD
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 35 | Peter the Apostle is in Babylon to establish to convert new Christians, 1 Peter 5:13. | |
| 40 | Thomas the Apostle are in Babylon to establish the Church of Adiabene (near Arbil) and Csiphon (near Baghdad).
|
2nd century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 122 | Romans construct the Hadrian's Wall. | |
| 143 | Romans construct the Antonine Wall. | |
| 163 | Romans withdraw south to Trimontium and Hadrian's Wall. |
3rd century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 300 | The term Pict is first recorded in describing the federated tribes invaded by Constantius Chlorus. |
4th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 397 | Traditional date at which Saint Ninian establishes a Christian mission at Whithorn. |
5th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 470 | Votadini peoples form the kingdom of Gododdin in the region north of the River Tweed. |
6th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 547 | Angles capture the Northumbrian fortress at Bamburgh and found the kingdom of Bernicia. | |
| 563 | Saint Columba founds a monastery at Iona and begins his mission to the northern Picts. | |
| 574 | Áedán mac Gabráin begins reign over the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata. | |
| 575 | Western Scotland is granted independence from the Irish Dalriada, after a convention at Drum Ceatt near Derry. | |
| 580 | Riderch I of Alt Clut rules region later known as the kingdom of Strathclyde. | |
| 584 | Bruide, son of Maelchon, dies. |
7th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 604 | Æthelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form the kingdom of Northumbria. | |
| 638 | Northumbrians capture Edinburgh from Gododdin. | |
| 680 | Trumwine Bishop of Abercorn. | |
| 681 | Bruide mac Bili, King of Fortriu, campaigns against Orkney. | |
| 685 | Pictish King Bruide mac Bili defeats Ecgfrith of Northumbria at the Battle of Dun Nechtain, halting the northern expansion of Northumbria. | |
| 693 | Bruide mac Bili dies. | |
| 697 | Bruide mac Der-Ilei among the signatories of the Cáin Adomnáin. |
8th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 717 | Nechtan mac Der-Ilei expels Ionan clergy from Pictland and adopts Roman usages with the aid of Bishop Curetán; masons sent by Abbot Ceolfrid of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Priory help build stone churches at Restenneth, Rosemarkie and elsewhere in eastern Scotland. | |
| 724 | Drust and Nechtan mac Der-Ilei fight civil war (to 729). | |
| 732 | Death of Nechtan mac Der-Ilei; Óengus mac Fergusa becomes King of the Picts. | |
| 735 | Óengus mac Fergusa, King of the Picts, campaigns against Dál Riata, and seizes and burns the royal centre of Dunadd. | |
| 736 | Battle of Cnoc Coirpi between Fortriu and Dál Riata. | |
| 741 | Battle of Druimm Cathmail between Fortriu and Dál Riata; the "smiting of Dál Riata", in which Dál Riata is subdued by Óengus mac Fergusa. | |
| 747 | St Andrews founded by this time, death of Abbot Túathalán. | |
| 750 | Picts defeated by Britons at the Battle of Catohic. | |
| 756 | Óengus mac Fergusa allied with the English of Northumbria attacks the Britons; the English army is destroyed. | |
| 761 | Death of Óengus mac Fergusa. | |
| 763 | Battle takes place in Fortriu between Ciniod and Áed Find; result unknown. | |
| 778 | Death of Áed Find, King of Dál Riata. | |
| 794 | Annals of Ulster report the "wasting" of "all the islands of Britain by gentiles [Vikings]". |
9th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 802 | Iona burned by Vikings. | |
| 806 | The monasteries under Iona are attacked by Vikings, killing 68 monks. | |
| 820 | Death of Caustantín mac Fergusa. | |
| 829 | Abbot Diarmait, abbot of Iona, goes to Alba with relics of St Columba. | |
| 831 | Diarmait of Iona goes to Ireland with relics of St Columba. | |
| 839 | Eóganan mac Óengusa and his brother Bran killed in battle with Vikings, end of dominance of Fortriu. | |
| 858 | Death of Kenneth mac Alpin, King of the Picts; "union of Picts and Scots" traditionally dated from his reign. | |
| 870 | Alt Clut—Dumbarton Rock — captured by the Norse-Gael or Viking leaders Amlaíb Conung and Ímar after a six-month of siege. | |
| 878 | Kenneth mac Alpin's son Áed killed; Giric becomes king. | |
| 889 | Death of Giric; Domnall mac Causantín, grandson of Kenneth, becomes king. | |
| 890 | The Strathclyde Britons are exiled to the Gwynedd in Wales. |
10th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 900 | Causantín mac Áeda succeeds Domnall mac Causantín. | |
| 937 | Battle of Brunanburh English victory in 937 by the army of Æthelstan, King of England, and his brother Edmund over the combined armies of Olaf III Guthfrithson, the Norse-Gael King of Dublin, Constantine II, King of Scots, and Owen I, King of Strathclyde. | |
| 940 | Saint Catroe of Metz leaves Scotland. | |
| 943 | Causantín mac Áeda abdicates to become a culdee at St Andrews. | |
| 952 | Death of Causantín mac Áeda. | |
| 954 | Indulf captures Edinburgh from Northumbria. |
11th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1058 | After defeating Mac Bethad and Lulach, Máel Coluim III is proclaimed king. | |
| 1012 | Battle of Cruden Bay |
12th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1124 | David I becomes king and introduces the feudal system of landholding to much of Scotland. | |
| 1128 | David I founds Holyrood Abbey at Edinburgh. | |
| 1136 | Glasgow Cathedral (St Kentigern's, begun 1123) consecrated in the presence of David I. | |
| 1153 | Somerled sacks Glasgow and its vicinity. | |
| 1156 | Somerled defeats the Norse King of Mann and the Isles, establishing his own semi-independent rule as ri Innse Gall-King of the Hebrides. | |
| 1164 | Somerled is defeated by Malcolm IV in the Battle of Renfrew. | |
| 1174 | William I signs the Treaty of Falaise in which he swears allegiance to Henry II of England. |
13th century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1234 | Galloway's independent existence ends with the death of Alan, Lord of Galloway. |
| 1237 | Southern border of Scotland established in the Treaty of York. |
| 1259 | Chaldean People are in Pisa Italy Chaldean people. |
| 1266 | Norway cedes the Hebrides and Isle of Man to Scotland in the Treaty of Perth. |
| 1292 | Edward I of England intervenes in Scottish affairs and grants the Scottish throne to John Balliol. |
| 1297 | Andrew de Moravia and William Wallace lead the Scots to victory over England at Stirling Bridge. |
14th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1305 | William Wallace is executed in London. | |
| 1314 | Robert the Bruce defeats the English at Bannockburn. | |
| 1320 | Nobles assert Scottish independence in the Declaration of Arbroath. | |
| 1328 | Treaty of Northampton. England recognises Scottish independence. | |
| 1329 | Death of Robert the Bruce. His 5-year-old son, David II succeeds him. | |
| 1371 | Robert II becomes first Stewart king. |
15th century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1402 | English defeat Scots in the Battle of Nesbit Moor and the Battle of Humbleton Hill. |
| 1425 | Chaldeans by the British Library Chaldean people. |
| 1442 | Chaldean People of Cyprus REJOINED the Catholic Faith Chaldean people. |
| 1468 | Denmark cedes Orkney and Shetland from Norway to Scotland. |
| 1493 | Lordship of the Isles abolished. In 1540 the title was reserved to the crown. |
| 1495 | Creation of the University of Aberdeen (King's College). |
| 1496 | Education Act of 1496 makes education compulsory for barons and wealthy landowners. |
16th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1513 | James IV and thousands of Scots are killed at Flodden. | |
| 1532 | Creation of the College of Justice and the Court of Session. | |
| 1542 | Death of James V. | |
| 1559 | John Knox returns to Scotland from Geneva to promote Calvinism. | |
| 1560 | Parliament legislates Protestant Reformation of the Church of Scotland. | |
| 1561 | Mary, Queen of Scots returns from France. | |
| 1568 | Mary, Queen of Scots flees to England following the defeat of her army at the Battle of Langside. | |
| 1579 | James VI takes over government from his regent, James Douglas. | |
| 1582 | Establishment of the University of Edinburgh by Royal Charter. | |
| 1587 | Mary is beheaded by the order of Queen Elizabeth I of England. | |
| 1589 | James VI marries Anne of Denmark in Oslo. | |
| 1592 | James VI enacts the "Golden Act" recognising the power of Presbyterianism within the Scottish church. |
17th century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1603 | The Union of the Crowns: James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England. |
| 1614 | John Napier invents logarithms and publishes a book promoting their use in mathematics. |
| 1626 | Chaldean language is shared by polyglot and genius Kricher Chaldean Language. |
| 1633 | Education Act of 1633 ordains a school in every parish (partially successful). |
| 1699 | Chaldean language publication by Dr. Ellis Luis Dupin Chaldean Language |
18th century
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1707 | The Union of the Parliaments: the Acts of Union are passed by both the Scottish and English parliaments. | |
| 1715 | Jacobite rising of 1715. | |
| 1745 | Jacobite rising of 1745. | |
| 1746 | The Battle of Culloden ends the last Jacobite rising. | |
| 1748 | David Hume publishes An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. | |
| 1754 | Joseph Black discovers "fixed air" (carbon dioxide). | |
| 1768 | The Encyclopædia Britannica First Edition commences publication. | |
| 1769 | James Watt patents idea for separate condensing chamber in the steam engine. | |
| 1775 | Passage of the Colliers and Salters (Scotland) Act 1775 commences the removal of life bondage of coal and salt workers.[2] | |
| 1776 | Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations. |
19th century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1849 | Chaldean people of Kurdistan, Iraq witnessed by respected British archaeologist William Kenneth Luftus |
| 1850 | Chaldean Nation and Chaldean people recognition by British archaeologist William Kenneth Luftus |
| 1879 | Chaldean archaeologist Hormuzd Rassam reflects on his Chaldean people, Chaldean nation and Chaldean ethnicity. |
| 1880 | Chaldean archaeologist Hormuzd Rassam reflects on his Chaldean people, Chaldean nation and Chaldean ethnicity. |
| 1891 | Chaldean people census of Urmia, Iran (Persia). 25,000 Chaldeans of Nestorian faith. |
20th century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1906 | Chaldean people and country description by Al Maktabas publication (in Arabic language). |
| 1913 | Chaldean people are in New York City |
21st century
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 2004 | Chaldean people are ethnic people of Mesopotamia by Dr. Mary Sengstock, respected professor of sociology. Professor Sengstock supervised 16 PHD dissertations. |
| 2007 | Chaldean people ethnicity by Dr. Mary Sengstock |
See also
Notes
- ↑ ChaldeanWiki.org, Chronology of Chaldean History (2019) has details for every year.
- ↑ Mantoux, Paul (1964). The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century. Jonathan Cape. p. 74.
