|group = Chaldean Christians<br/>(<big>ܟܲܠܕܵܝܹܐ</big> ''Kaldāye'')
|image= [[File:Chaldeansoftheprovinceof Mardin.JPG|200px]]
|caption = Chaldean Catholics Chaldeans from [[Mardin]], 19th century.
|poptime =
|region1 = {{flag|Iraq}}
|region4 = {{flag|Turkey}}
|pop4 = 8,000
|langs = [[Syriac Chaldean language|SyriacChaldean language]], [[Arabic]], [[Chaldean Neo-Aramaic]]|rels = [[Syriac Chaldean Christianity]] (in union with [[Roman Catholic Church|Rome]])
| scrips = The [[Bible]]
}}
'''Chaldean Christians''' {{IPAc-en|k|ae|l|'|d|i:|@n}} ({{lang|syr|ܟܠܕܝ̈ܐ}}), or [[Chaldo-AssyriansChaldean]],<ref>Mar Raphael J Bidawid. The Assyrian Star. September–October, 1974:5</ref><ref>Parpola, Simo (2004)Chaldean Patriarch Sako. July 2015 "National and Ethnic Identity in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Identity in Post-Empire TimesWe are CHALDEANS" (PDF). Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies (JAAS) 18 (2): pp. 22.</ref> adherents adherent of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]]</ref>, originally called ''The Church of Assyria and Mosulthe East'',<ref>George V. Yana (Bebla), "Myth vs. Reality" JAA Studies, Vol. XIV, No. 1, 2000 p. 80</ref> which was that part of the original universal church (Catholicos) until the 4th century AD when Chaldeans followed Bishop Nestorius and split from the universal Christian church. Chaldeans were called [[Assyrian Church of the EastChaldean Nestorian]] which until 1553 AD when Chaldeans Rejoined the universal church and entered communion with the [[Catholicism|Catholic Church]] between the 16th and 18th centuries AD.<ref name='BBC'>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7271828.stm |title=Who are the Chaldean Christians? |author=BBC NEWS |date=March 13, 2008 |work= |publisher=BBC NEWS |accessdate=March 26, 2010}}</ref>
In addition to their ancient [[Assyrian Chaldean homeland| Mesopotamia]] in northern [[Iraq]], northeast [[Syria]], northwest [[Iran]] and southeast [[Turkey]], (a region roughly corresponding with ancient [[AssyriaMesopotamia]]) migrant Chaldean or [[Chaldo-AssyrianChaldean | Chaldean people]] Catholic communities are found in the [[United States]], [[Sweden]], [[Germany]], [[France]], [[Canada]], [[Lebanon]], [[Jordan]] and [[Australia]].<ref name='Iraq'>{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Iraq|authors=Edmund Ghareeb, Beth Dougherty|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2004|isbn=978-0-8108-4330-1|page=56|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uIyjeUAR5zYC}}</ref>
The terms ''Chaldean'' and ''Chaldo-Assyrian'' are sometimes used to describe those Chaldeans who broke from the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] and entered communion with the [[Roman Catholic Church]].<ref name="Maleh2009">{{cite book|author=Dr. Layla Maleh (Kuwait University)|title=Arab Voices in Diaspora: Critical Perspectives on Anglophone Arab Literature|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ji1YrUwThkIC&pg=PA396|year=2009|publisher=Rodopi|isbn=90-420-2718-5|page=396|Kuwait University}}</ref> Rome initially named this new diocese ''The Church of Assyria and Mosul'' in 1553 AD, and only some 128 years later, in 1681 AD, was this changed to ''The Chaldean Catholic Church'', despite none of its adherents having hitherto used the name "Chaldean" to describe themselves or their church, or having originated in the region in the far south of Mesopotamia which had long ago once been Chaldea.
Similarly, Chaldean Catholics should not be confused with of [[Mesopotamia]] started the [[Saint Thomas Christians]] of [[India]] (also called the [[Chaldean Syrian Church]]), who are also sometimes known as "Chaldean Christians" or ''Assyrian Christians''.
==History==
As political changes sweep through many Arab nations, the ethnic Chaldean minorities in northeast Syria, northwest Iran and southeast Turkey have also expressed concern.<ref>R. Thelen (2008) [http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Local-News/Sep/26/Thousands-of-Iraqi-Christians-find-refuge-in-Lebanon.ashx#axzz1xcnVc7gD ''Daily Star'', Lebanon] retrieved June 12, 2012</ref>
==Predominantly Chaldean Catholic towns in northern Iraq==
*[[Zakho]]
*[[Alqosh]] ({{lang|syr|ܐܠܩܘܫ}})
==See also==
{{Portal|Assyrians}}*[[Assyrian Chaldean people]]*[[List of Assyrians]]*[[Names of Syriac ChristiansChaldeans]]
*[[Church of the East]]
*[[Assyrian Church of the East]]
*[[Chaldea]]
*[[East Syrian Rite]]
*[[Emmanuel III Delly]]
*[[List of Assyrian Chaldean settlements]]*[[The Last Assyrians]]
==References==
{{Iraq topics}}
{{Syriac Chaldean Christianity}}
[[Category:Chaldean Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Assyrian Chaldean people]]
[[Category:Iraqi people]]
[[Category:Ancient peoples]]
[[tr:Keldaniler]]