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'''Akitu''' or '''Akitum''' (Sumerian and Chaldean language:&nbsp;{{sc|ezen á.ki.tum}}, ''akiti-šekinku'', {{sc|á.ki.ti.še.gur₁₀.ku₅}}, {{abbr|lit.|Literally}}&nbsp;"the barley-cutting",{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} ''akiti-šununum'', {{abbr|lit.|Literally}}&nbsp;"barley-sowing"; [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]]:&nbsp;''{{lang|akk-Latn|akitu}}'' or ''{{lang|akk-Latn|rêš-šattim}}'', "head of the year") was a [[spring festival]] in ancient [[Mesopotamia]].The Chaldean Babylonian Akitu festival has played a pivotal role in the Chaldean heritage and development of theories of religion, myth and ritual, yet rituals. An important event marking the purpose beginning of new Spring in Mesopotamia by the festival remains a point of contention among both historians of religion and [[Chaldean]]people.<ref>The Chaldean Babylonian Akitu Festival: Rectifying the King or Renewing the Cosmos? (n.d.): n. pag. Web.</ref>