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Battle of Carchemish

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The '''Battle of Carchemish''' was fought about 605 BC<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Horn|first1=Siegfried H|title=THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE AND THE ANCIENT CALENDAR OF THE KINGDOM OF JUDAH|journal=Andrews University Seminary Studies|date=1967|issue=5/1967|page=20|url=http://www.auss.info/auss_publication_file.php?pub_id=411&journal=1&type=pdf|accessdate=4 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180227/http://www.auss.info/auss_publication_file.php?pub_id=411&journal=1&type=pdf|archive-date=2015-09-23|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wiseman |first1=D. J.|title=Chronicles of Chaldean Kings (626-556 B.C.)|date=1956|publisher=British Museum Publications, Ltd.|location=British Museum|page=99}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=British Museum|title=Cuneiform tablet with part of the Babylonian Chronicle (605-594 BC)|website=britishmuseum.org|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/cuneiform_nebuchadnezzar_ii.aspx|accessdate=4 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030154541/https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/c/cuneiform_nebuchadnezzar_ii.aspx|archive-date=2014-10-30|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref> between the armies of [[Late Period of ancient Egypt|Egypt]] allied with the remnants of the army of the former [[Neo-Assyrian Empire|Assyrian Empire]] against the Chaldean army of [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Babylonia]], allied with the Medes, and Scythians.
[[File:Map of Carchemish.jpg|thumb|Map of Carchemish, Syria]]
==Background==
[[File:Map of Carchemish.jpg|thumb|Map of Carchemish, Syria]] When the [[Assyria]]n capital [[Nineveh]] was [[Battle of Nineveh (612 BC)|overrun]] by the Medes, Chaldean Babylonians and their allies in 612 BC, the ancient Assyrians moved their capital to [[Harran]]. When Harran was [[Fall of Harran|captured]] by the Chaldean Babylonian alliance in 609 BC,<ref name="Grant1">{{cite book|last=Grant|first=R.G.|title=Battle: A Visual Journey Through 5,000 Years of Combat |location=London |publisher=Dorling Kindersley|year=2005|pages=18}}</ref> ending the Assyrian Empire, remnants of the Assyrian army joined [[Carchemish]], a city under Egyptian rule, on the [[Euphrates]] river. Egypt (a former vassal of Assyria) was allied with the Assyrian king [[Ashur-uballit II]], and marched in 609 BC to his aid against the Chaldean Babylonians.<ref>Georges Roux, ''Ancient Iraq''</ref>
The Egyptian army of Pharaoh [[Necho II]] was delayed at [[Battle of Megiddo (609 BC)|Megiddo]] by the forces of King [[Josiah]] of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]]. Josiah was killed, and his army was defeated at the [[Battle of Megiddo (609 BC)]].
The Egyptians and Assyrians together crossed the Euphrates and laid siege to Harran, which they failed to retake. They then retreated to north western Assyria (in what is today north eastern [[Syria]]).
==Battle==
[[File:600 BC Map of Mesopotamia.jpg|thumb|600 BC Map of Mesopotamia and Chaldean empire]]
 The Egyptians met the full might of the [Chaldean | Chaldean people] Babylonian and Median army led by Chaldean King [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] at Carchemish, where the combined Egyptian and Assyrian forces were destroyed. Assyria ceased to exist as an independent power, and Egypt retreated and was no longer a significant force in the [[Ancient Near East]]. Chaldea and Babylonia reached its economic peak after 605&nbsp;BC.<ref>King, Philip J., 1993 ''Jeremiah: An Archaeological Companion'', Westminster/John Knox Press p.22 [https://books.google.com/books?id=7xZ-HUcAEP8C&pg=PA22&dq=carchemish+battle+605&ei=0rNzSI6TIJXEigG_6_zpBw&client=firefox-a&sig=ACfU3U1Wzw_pgL4_ZsnOWUInugnu63dVpA]</ref>
==Records of the battle==
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