View source for Joseph III (Chaldean Patriarch)

{{Infobox Patriarch
|image=
|honorific-prefix = Mar
|name=Joseph III Timothy Maroge
|birth_name=Timothy Maroge
|church=[[Chaldean Catholic Church]]
|see=[[Patriarchial See of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Amid of the Chaldeans]]
|patriarch_of=[[Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans|Patriarch of the Chaldeans]]
|residence=[[Amid]], [[Turkey]]
|enthroned= 1713
|ended= 23 January 1757 
|predecessor=[[Joseph II (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph II Sliba Maruf]]
|successor=[[Joseph IV (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph IV Lazare Hindi]]
|death_date= 23 January 1757   
}}

Mar '''Joseph III Timothy Maroge''' (or ''Youssef III Timotheos Maraugin'' or ''Maroghin'') was the third incumbent of the ''Josephite'' line of [[Church of the East]], a patriarchate in [[Full Communion]] with the [[pope]] mainly active in the areas of [[Amid]] and [[Mardin]], thus being the Patriarch of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] from 1713 to 1757.

==Life==

Timothy Maroge was born in [[Baghdad]]<ref name="Wilmshurst">{{cite book |last=David |first=Wilmshurst |title=The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318-1913 |publisher=Peeters Publishers |year=2000 |isbn=978-90-429-0876-5}}</ref>{{rp|52}} and educated by the [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchin]] [[Catholic missions|missionaries]] in [[Amid]].<ref name="Murre">{{cite web|url=http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol2No2/HV2N2Murre.html|title=The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries|publisher=Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies|accessdate=2009-01-24|author=Heleen H.L. Murre}}</ref> He was consecrated bishop of [[Mardin]] by [[Joseph II (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph II Sliba Maruf]] in 1705.<ref>in 1705 according to Wilmshurst (2000) ISBN 978-90-429-0876-5 page 52, or in 1696 according to Murre [http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol2No2/HV2N2Murre.html]</ref>

He became patriarch after his predecessor death, being the only Chaldean bishop who survived the 1708-1713 plague. 
He was confirmed by the [[Holy See]] on March 18, 1714<ref name="Giga">{{cite web |url=http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/baby0.htm|title=Patriarchal See of Babylon|publisher=www.gcatholic.org|accessdate=2009-02-01}}</ref> and took the name of Joseph III.

During his patriarchate the there was a growth of the number of faithfuls of the patriarchate, mainly in the area of the [[Alqosh]]'s patriarchate. Joseph III was a skilful preacher, and it is remembered that more than three thousands people of [[Mosul]] entered in his patriarchate in 1723. This success caused a strong reaction of the traditionalist Patriarch of Alqosh, [[Eliya XII (XI) Denkha]], who succeeded to have Joseph III imprisoned many times by the [[Ottoman Empire|Turkish]] authorities.<ref name="Wilmshurst"/>{{rp|52}} Shortly after some problems arose in also Amid, where the traditionalists occupied Joseph's cathedral and the Capuchins left the town in 1726.<ref name="Frazee"/>{{rp|210}}

The patriarchate struggled with financial difficulties due to the tax burden imposed by the Turkish authorities and to the ransoms required to free Joseph from the prison. Furthermore according to the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] law the Chaldean community was administratively subject to traditionalist Patriarchate of Alqosh, resulting so to be in a weak position and exposed to vexations.

In 1734 Joseph left for Europe to try to raise funds to pay his debts, and during the next seven years visited the Catholic courts of Poland, Austria and Rome asking for financial support.  He was given some money, but far less than he had hoped for. While he was abroad, the Chaldeans in [[Istanbul]] obtained from the Ottoman authorities recognition of his authority over Amid and Mardin, but Mosul and [[Aleppo]] were assigned to the traditionalist patriarchate of Alqosh,<ref name="Frazee">{{cite book |last=Frazee|first=Charles A.|title=Catholics and Sultans: The Church and the Ottoman Empire 1453-1923|year=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-02700-7}}</ref>{{rp|210}} thus creating many difficulties for the growing numbers of Chaldeans who lived there.

In 1754 Joseph appointed as successor Mar Antun Galla, but the [[Holy See]] objected and did not allow him to resign: thus he remained the incumbent till his death on 23 January 1757.

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Joseph II (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph II Sliba Maruf]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Patriarch of Babylon]]|years=1713&ndash;1757}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Joseph IV (Chaldean Patriarch)|Joseph IV Lazare Hindi]]}}
{{end}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME              = Joseph, III
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Chaldean Patriarch
| DATE OF BIRTH     =
| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
| DATE OF DEATH     = 23 January 1757
| PLACE OF DEATH    =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Joseph, III}}
[[Category:People from Baghdad]]
[[Category:Chaldean people]]
[[Category:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon]]
[[Category:1757 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]